Energy Efficiency Enhanced Landing Strategy for Manned eVTOLs Using L1 Adaptive Control

A new landing strategy is presented for manned electric vertical takeoff and (eVTOL) vehicles, using a roll maneuver to obtain trajectory in the horizontal plane. This rejects altitude surging process, which fatal drawback of conventional jumping strategy. The leads smoother transition from wing-borne mode thrust-borne mode, has higher energy efficiency, meaning better flight experience economic performance. To employ strategy, five-stage designed, lateral instead longitudinal climbing. Additionally, control system based on L1 adaptive theory designed assist driving or execute missions independently, consisting guidance logic, stability augmentation management unit. verified with ET120 platform, by Monte Carlo simulation robustness safety performance, an experiment was performed compare benefits strategies. results show that performance robust enough reduce perturbation at least 20% all modeling parameters, ensures consistent dynamic characteristics between different modes. successfully avoids climbing during process smooth trajectory, reduces consumed 64%.